1945: WWII Ends!!!!

1945

Facts from Wikiepdia

January

• January 20
• WWII: The Soviet Union occupies Warsaw.
• The Holocaust: The evacuation of Auschwitz concentration camp begins.
• January 22 – Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated to an unprecedented fourth term as President of the United States. No president before, or since, has ever reached a third term in office.
• January 31 – Eddie Slovik is executed by firing squad for desertion, the first American soldier since the American Civil War, and last to date to be executed for this offense.

February

• February 14 – Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru join the United Nations.
• February 23 – WWII:
• Battle of Iwo Jima: A group of United States Marines reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island and are photographed raising the American flag. The photo, Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima (taken by Joe Rosenthal), later wins a Pulitzer Prize.

March

• March – Anne Frank, dies in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, Lower Saxony, Germany, of typhus.
• March 1 – Franklin D. Roosevelt gives what will be his last address to a joint session of Congress, reporting on the Yalta Conference.
• March 2 – Former U.S. Vice-President Henry A. Wallace starts his term of office as U.S. Secretary of Commerce, serving under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
• March 19 – WWII:
• Adolf Hitler orders that all industries, military installations, machine shops, transportation facilities and communications facilities in Germany be destroyed.
• March 24
• Sylvester the cat, a cartoon character, debuts in Life with Feathers

 April

• April 4 – WWII: American troops liberate their first Nazi concentration camp, Ohrdruf death camp in Germany.
• April 10 – WWII: The Allied Forces liberate the Nazi concentration camp, Buchenwald.
• April 12 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945) dies suddenly at Warm Springs, Georgia; Vice President Harry S. Truman becomes the 33rd President, serving until 1953.
• April 25 Founding negotiations for the United Nations begin in San Francisco.
• April 29 Adolf Hitler marries his long-time mistress Eva Braun in a closed civil ceremony in the Berlin Führerbunker.
• April 30 – Adolf Hitler and his wife of one day, Eva Braun, commit suicide as the Red Army approaches the Führerbunker in Berlin. Karl Dönitz succeeds Hitler as President of Germany; Joseph Goebbels succeeds Hitler as Chancellor of Germany.

May

• May 1 – WWII: Hamburg Radio announces that Hitler has died in battle, "fighting up to his last breath against Bolshevism."
• Joseph Goebbels and his wife commit suicide after killing their six children. Karl Dönitz appoints Count Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk as the new Chancellor of Germany.
• May 3 – WWII: Rocket scientist Wernher von Braun and 120 members of his team surrender to U.S. forces (later going on to help to start the U.S. space program).
• May 7 – WWII: General Alfred Jodl signs unconditional surrender terms at Reims, France, ending Germany's participation in the war. The document takes effect the next day.
• May 8 – WWII:
• V-E Day (Victory in Europe, as Nazi Germany surrenders) commemorates the end of WWII in Europe, with the final surrender being to the Soviets in Berlin, attended by representatives of the Western Powers.
• May 12
• Rev. W. V. Awdry's children's book The Three Railway Engines, first of The Railway Series, is published in England.

 June

• June 24 – WWII: A victory parade is held in Red Square in Moscow.
• June 26 – The United Nations Charter is signed.

 July

• July 8 – WWII: Harry S. Truman is informed that Japan will talk peace if it can retain the reign of the Emperor.
• July 16 – The Trinity Test, the first of an atomic bomb, using about six kilograms of plutonium, succeeds in unleashing an explosion equivalent to that of 19 kilotons of TNT.
• July 21 – WWII: President Harry S. Truman approves the order for atomic bombs to be used against Japan.
• July 28 – An U.S. Army Air Forces B-25 bomber crashes into the Empire State Building, killing 14 people, including all on board.

 August

• August 6 – WWII: Atomic bombing of Hiroshima: A United States B-29 Superfortress, the Enola Gay, drops an atomic bomb, codenamed "Little Boy", on Hiroshima, Japan, at 8:15 a.m. (local time).
• August 7 – President Harry Truman announces the successful bombing of Hiroshima with the atomic bomb, while returning from the Potsdam Conference aboard the U.S. Navy heavy cruiser USS Augusta (CA-31) in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.
• August 8
• The United Nations Charter is ratified by the United States Senate, and this nation becomes the third one to join the new international organization.
• The Soviet Union declares war on Japan.
• August 9 – WWII:
• A United States B-29 Bomber, the Bockscar, drops an atomic bomb, codenamed "Fat Man", on Nagasaki, Japan, at 11:02 a.m. (local time).
• The Soviet Union begins its army offensive against Japan in the northern part of the Japanese-held Chinese region of Manchuria.^[7]
• August 15
• WWII: Emperor Hirohito announces Japan's surrender on the radio. The United States calls this day V-J Day (Victory in Japan). This ends the period of Japanese expansionism and begins the period of Occupied Japan.
• WWII: Korea gains independence following Japan's surrender.
• August 17
• The novel Animal Farm by George Orwell is first published by Fredric Warburg in London.

September

• September 2
• WWII ends: The final official surrender of Japan is accepted by the Supreme Allied Commander, General Douglas MacArthur, and Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz for the United States, and delegates from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, China, and others from a Japanese delegation led by Mamoru Shigemitsu, on board the American battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay (but in Japan August 14 is recognized as the day the Pacific War ended).
• September 8
• American troops occupy southern Korea, while the Soviet Union occupies the north, with the dividing line being the 38th parallel of latitude. This arrangement proves to be the indirect beginning of a divided Korea.
• September 9 – The first case of a computer bug is found: a moth lodged in a relay of a Harvard Mark II computer at the Naval Weapons Center in Dahlgren, Virginia.

 October

• October 24
• ICJ ("World Court") established by the United Nations Charter.
• The United Nations is founded.
• October 29
• At Gimbels Department Store in New York City, the first ballpoint pens go on sale at $12.50 each.

 November

• November 1
• Telechron introduces the model 8H59 "Musalarm", the first clock radio.
• November 16
• Cold War: The United States controversially imports 88 German scientists to help in the production of rocket technology.
• November 29
• Assembly of the world's first general purpose electronic computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), is completed. It covers 1,800 square feet (170 m²) of floor space. The first set of calculations is run on the computer.

Date unknown

• Saskatchewan Government Insurance, the first state-owned automobile insurance company in North America, is created.
• Percy Spencer accidentally discovers that microwaves can heat food. The invention of the microwave oven follows.
• Grand Rapids, Michigan, and Newburgh, New York, become the first cities or towns to add fluoride to municipal drinking water.
• Raymond Libby develops the oral penicillin antibiotic.